多目标最优化恰当有效解的稳定性

主要研究当两种类型的参数扰动时,多目标最优化问题中恰当有效解的稳定性.在点集映射的连续性意义下,分析讨论这种稳定性问题并分别给出引起扰动的两参数u,v所对应的点集映射Q1(u)和Q2(v),同时严格证明了在两个闭凸锥U,V上Q1(u)和Q2(v)的连续性定理.最后,通过附注对其进行补充和改进.     

含参弱向量均衡问题的适定性

在实Hausdorff拓扑线性空间中研究了含参弱向量均衡问题的适定性.证明了在适当条件下由近似网定义的含参适定性等价于近似解映射的上半连续性,并给出了所研究问题各种适定的充分性条件.     

How to recognize nonexpansive mappings and isometric mappings

In two real Banach spaces, we shall present two conditions, under one of which each nonexpansive mapping must be an isometry.     

分担处于一般位置超平面的亚纯映射唯一性定理

本文研究从Cn到复射影空间PN(C)上亚纯映射唯一性问题.根据杨乐处理重值的方法和Dethloff、Quang、Tan等人的技巧,我们分别得到了两个广泛的唯一性定理,改进和推广了一些分担处于一般位置超平面的亚纯映射唯一性结果.     

Probe-type time-of-flight momentum and energy mapping system

A new time-of-flight (TOF) momentum and energy mapping system is proposed. The system consists of two sub-regions with different axial uniform decelerating field. Two position-sensitive detectors (PSDs) on opposite side of the tube are used for the detection of electrons with different axial motion length due to their initial energy ? and emission angle θ. A non-monotonic dependence of energy-resolving performance on electron initial energy can be achieved by choosing appropriate electric field deceleration for these two sub-regions, which forms an “energy resolution probe” possessing a higher level of energy resolution than that of lower energy part. And the local resolution in the probe region could be specifically enhanced while the other parts of all the detection range do not change so much. It is verified by the illustrating example with relative energy resolution Δ?/? smaller than 0.5% for electron energy in probe range from 36 eV to 45 eV.     

扰动mKdV耦合系统的孤子解

采用了一个简单而有效的技巧,研究了一类扰动mKdV耦合系统.首先利用同伦映射方法求解一个相应的复值函数微分方程孤子的近似解.然后得到了原扰动mKdV耦合系统孤子的近似解. 关键词： 孤子 扰动mKdV方程 同伦映射     

Spontaneous supersymmetry breaking in matrix models from the viewpoints of localization and Nicolai mapping

In the previous work, it was shown that, in supersymmetric (matrix) discretized quantum mechanics, inclusion of an external field twisting the boundary condition of fermions enables us to discuss spontaneous breaking of supersymmetry (SUSY) in the path-integral formalism in a well-defined way. In the present work, we continue investigating the same systems from the points of view of localization and Nicolai mapping. The localization is studied by changing of integration variables in the path integral, which is applicable whether or not SUSY is explicitly broken. We examine in detail how the integrand of the partition function with respect to the integral over the auxiliary field behaves as the auxiliary field vanishes, which clarifies a mechanism of the localization. In SUSY matrix models, we obtain a matrix-model generalization of the localization formula. In terms of eigenvalues of matrix variables, we observe that eigenvalues' dynamics is governed by balance of attractive force from the localization and repulsive force from the Vandermonde determinant. The approach of the Nicolai mapping works even in the presence of the external field. It enables us to compute the partition function of SUSY matrix models for finite N (N is the rank of matrices) with arbitrary superpotential at least in the leading nontrivial order of an expansion with respect to the small external field. We confirm the restoration of SUSY in the large-N limit of a SUSY matrix model with a double-well scalar potential observed in the previous work.     

Qualitative spectroscopic characterization of the matrix–silane coupling agent interface across metal fibre reinforced ion exchange resin composite membranes

The characterization of novel metal reinforced electro-dialysis ion exchange membranes, for water desalination, by attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy mapping is presented in this paper. The surface of the porous stainless steel fibre meshes was treated in order to enhance the amount of surface oxide groups and increase the material hydrophilicity. Then, the metal membranes were functionalized through a sol–gel reaction with silane coupling agents to enhance the affinity with the ion exchange resins and avoid premature metal oxidation due to redox reactions at the metal–polymer interface. Polished cross sections of the composite membranes embedded into an epoxy resin revealed interfaces between metallic frameworks and the silane layer at the interface with the ion exchange material. The morphology of the metal–polymer interface was investigated with scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared micro-spectroscopy. Fourier transform infrared mapping of the interfaces was performed using the attenuated total reflectance mode on the polished cross-sections at the Australian Synchrotron. The nature of the interface between the metal framework and the ion exchange resin was shown to be homogeneous and the coating thickness was found to be around 1 μm determined by Fourier transform infrared micro-spectroscopy mapping. The impact of the coating on the properties of the membranes and their potential for water desalination by electro-dialysis are also discussed.     

Analysis of monoclonal antibody by a novel CE‐UV/MALDI‐MS interface

mAbs are highly complex proteins that present a wide range of microheterogeneity that requires multiple analytical methods for full structure assessment and quality control. As a consequence, the characterization of mAbs on different levels is particularly product‐ and time‐consuming. CE‐MS couplings, especially to MALDI, appear really attractive methods for the characterization of biological samples. In this work, we report the last instrumental development and performance of the first totally automated off‐line CE‐UV/MALDI‐MS/MS. This interface is based on the removal of the original UV cell of the CE apparatus, modification of the spotting device geometry, and creation of an integrated delivery matrix system. The performance of the method was evaluated with separation of five intact proteins and a tryptic digest mixture of nine proteins. Intact protein application shows the acquisition of electropherograms with high resolution and high repeatability. In the peptide mapping approach, a total number of 154 unique identified peptides were characterized using MS/MS spectra corresponding to average sequence coverage of 64.1%. Comparison with NanoLC/MALDI‐MS/MS showed complementarity at the peptide level with an increase of 42% when using CE/MALDI‐MS coupling. Finally, this work represents the first analysis of intact mAb charge variants by CZE using an MS detection. Moreover, using a peptide mapping approach CE‐UV/MALDI‐MS/MS fragmentation allowed 100% sequence coverage of the light chain and 92% of the heavy chain, and the separation of four major glycosylated peptides and their structural characterization.     

Characterization of sugar juice heat exchanger tube deposit

Fouling of heat exchanger surfaces during sugar manufacture reduces productivity and increases energy demand. This study characterizes a deposit (including its internal structure) formed in a sugar factory's evaporator unit using a variety of X‐ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy techniques (including X‐ray powder diffraction, X‐ray fluorescence, elemental mapping with energy dispersive spectroscopy and backscattered electron imaging). Calcium sulfate dihydrate, calcium oxalate mono‐ and dihydrate, hydroxyapatite, amorphous silica and organic matter are present in the deposit. The composition of the deposit (which contains three layers) varies along the height of the tube. There are noticeable differences in the composition and porosity among the layers in the deposit. A porous structure consisting of a mixture of amorphous silica, calcium oxalate dihydrate and organic matter is attached to the surface of the deposit in contact with sugar juice, while a denser morphology of amorphous silica and hydroxyapatite is attached to the tube wall. Elemental mapping identifies an association between Si, Al, Mg, Fe and O, suggesting the presence of a silicate compound as a minor component in the deposit. An attempt is made to rationalize the formation of the observed phases. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.